Obsessions Always Have Meanings Essay - 1218 Words

In the stories â€Å"The Birthmark† by Nathaniel Hawthorne and â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, they are similar because they both deal with the wives being obsessed with something. Also in both stories their husbands are concerned and want to help them with their obsessions. The wife in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is obsessed with the wallpaper on the wall and sees it as another world. She believes that there is someone stuck behind the wall and is trying to get out. Tearing down the wall paper, she is trying to set them free. Later on in the story she then believes that she is the one trapped behind the wall paper. Not understanding her obsession with the wallpaper, her husband sees her being creepy and he faints. When her†¦show more content†¦Aylmer is all about Science while she is all about romance. Barbara Eckstein states, â€Å"Romance is Georgina’s religion. It contributes to the metaphysical excesses of science as science contributes to the metaphysical excesses of romance† (511). He lives to create science experiments and do everything he can by using science. She on the other hand is all about making sure that he is satisfied and taken care of by using nothing but romance. Georgiana is like Aylmer’s maid, whatever he says she will do with no hesitation and no questions asked. â€Å"Combined, these two ideologies define the distribution of work in the story, the work of a man and a woman and of master and servant† (Eckstein 511). Her husband, Alymer, on the other hand sees it as a disgrace. He believes that the birthmark makes her unattractive and that upsets her. He believes it is a blemish that stains and taints her true beauty. Alymer ask her if she has ever thought to remove her birthmark and if he himself can remove it. Nathaniel Hawthorne writes in â€Å"The Birth-Mark†, â€Å"‘Dearest Georgiana, I have spent much thought upon the subject,’ has tily interrupted Aylmer. ‘I am convinced of the perfect practicability of its removal’† (343). Georgiana is all about her husband and agrees to go through with it if it satisfies him. Lynn Shakinovsky says, â€Å"Aylmer, a brilliant scientist, becomes obsessed with a mark on his wifes cheek, determines to eradicate it, and in doing so kills her† (269). AlymerShow MoreRelatedThe Short Stories Writers Known For Their Anti Transcendental Style Of Writing893 Words   |  4 Pagescharacter conceals his face behind a black cloth. The town becomes engulfed in trying to find the meaning behind the veil. In Poe’s short story, â€Å"The Oval Portrait† a man finds he is in love with a portrait of a girl after staying in an abandoned apartment. Obsession is having something that someone cannot get out of their mind. These two stories have a common theme. Both of them share the common theme of obsession. â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† starts off with Reverend Mr. Hooper walking down the churchRead MoreThoughts Of Imperialism In Joseph Conrads Heart Of Darkness911 Words   |  4 PagesHeart of Darkness, what does it really mean, what can it signify? For all it matters, it has no meaning, but is just a phrase. By applying the following schools of theory, psychoanalysis, over analyzing texts, cultural studies which portray how readers consume the text and postcolonial which analyzes the â€Å"losers† perspective it helps to depict the novella of Heart Darkness. By using the schools of theory, it will analyze a multitude of perspective relating to the novella’s theme of imperialism disastrousRead MoreEssay about Comparing The Sandman and Frankenstein1533 Words   |  7 Pagesexperience in Hoffmanns The Sandman and Shelleys Frankenstein it is indispensable, however, to explain and define beforehand what is the connotation of Unheimlich. In my further anal ysis of the uncanny, I relate the two works and stress on the obsession of the two characters which explains the weirdness in them. Moreover, I focus on the surrounding environment in the face of the society because it is pertinent to the discussion of the weirdness. The unconsciousness is also playing a major role inRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder ( Ocd ) Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesand sometimes compulsive actions. They almost always cause the patient feel anxious. Quite often patients try to resist these thoughts or actions, but to no avail. However, patients recognize that they are their own thoughts, even if these thoughts are involuntary and often revolting. Compulsive acts or rituals are stereotyped recurrent behaviors. These actions are not pleasing and they do not lead to the completion of the useful human tasks. Obsessions tend to become habitual since a person has toRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Body Ritual Among The Veldt By Horace Miner1317 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican spelt backwards and described as a â€Å"tribe. Throughout the article Miner reveals a number of cultural exercises performed by the Nacirema that are very similar to those of modern day Americans. Many of the terms used in the article have similar meaning in the American culture just spelt backwards. The first ritual of the Nacirema presented by Professor Linton 20 years ago was very poorly understood by anthropologists. Nacerima mythology states that their nation â€Å"was originated by a cultureRead MoreThe Third Policeman: A Lesson in Absurdity Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagesear; spinning the world upside-down, and breaks from the modernist view of literature. Through The Third Policeman, O’Brien rebuts these 20th century theories and begs to ask the question â€Å"How far can I bend the human mind through literature and still have the reader believe? How far is too far? The answer can be found within the pages of The Third Policeman. The beginning of the 20th century brought about a time of experimentation and quest to understand the human existence, postmodernism, and enlightenment;Read MoreThemes in Wuthering Heights 696 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Addiction occurs in people who have little to anchor them to life. Lacking an underlying direction, finding few things that can entertain or motivate them, they have nothing to compete with the effects of an addiction, for possession of their lives†(Goodlett 1). The events of this depressing love story, Wuthering Heights written by Emily Brontà «, take place in the gloomy moors of Yorkshire, England, where Heathcliff, Catherine, Hindley, and Cathy experience a life of love, addiction, revenge, andRead MoreThe Effects Of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder1442 Words   |  6 PagesPeople with OCD have obsessions, most of the time it is accompanied by an outward compulsion, but not always. When these obsessions are not accompanied by a physical reflection of a comp ulsion, there are compulsive thoughts that are brought to mind to get rid of the obsessions (Hyman 2003). OCD does not only affect adults, but it can affect children and adolescents as well. In most recent years, this disorder has become more common in children and adolescents. All children have negative thoughtsRead MoreFantasy, Horror, And Science Fiction In Mary Shelleys Frankenstein1180 Words   |  5 Pagesrole of parents are in how their kids turn out, either to happiness or misery. However, Victor neglects to care for or educate the creature, and it turns against him, murdering several of his friends and family. Victor’s enthusiasm turned into obsession, and he became a recluse who was on the edge of madness. This shows that too much devotion can come the loss of reality and, eventually, insanity. This forces us to question Shelley’s narrative who ultimately bears the greatest responsibility forRead MoreAnalysis of Hamlet’s Behavior through Minor Characters1280 Words   |  6 Pagesdeath of the king. One last emotion that Hamlet eventually loses is love , or infatuation. This is shown through Hamlet’s behavior towards Ophelia, the woman he was so infatuated with, but later wanted nothing to do with, as he is at the peak of his obsession. All of these changes in Hamlet’s emotions are important throughout the text as a whole, but can be difficult to grasp. But, through the analysis of minor characters such as Old Hamlet, Gertrude, and Ophelia, one’s understanding of the text and the

Value Chain Analysis The Computer Industry Essay

Value Chain Analysis Introduction The Computer industry has been on a never ending expansion and growth owing to its technological advances and varied innovation experienced ever since its incorporation. The industry despite of being extremely profitable is also having an extensively competitive market. Despite of the large industry size and the emerging new entrants Dell has been able to sustain its market position with fair growth ever since its incorporation in 1984. Michael Dell had a modest start for Dell in 1984 and today the company has expanded globally into a large billion dollar worth organization. Dell sells personal computers, servers, data storage devices, network switches, software, computer peripherals, HDTVs, cameras, printers, MP3 players and also electronics built by other manufacturers. The company is well known for its innovations in supply chain management and electronic commerce, particularly its direct-sales model and its build-to-order or configure to order approach to manufacturi ng—delivering individual PCs configured to customer specifications With globalization there has been a significant rise in the digital economy. We see that there are new concepts which has emerged, such as electronic business (e-Business) or electronic commerce (e-Commerce), which is the electronic alternative to the traditional way of doing business or trade. E-commerce has led to the emergence of an extremely competitive economy thatShow MoreRelatedDells Value Chain1517 Words   |  7 PagesThe value chain was a concept initially proposed by McKinsey and later developed and made public by Harvard strategy guru Michael Porter. According to Porter, the value chain is defined as the complete flow of products from the suppliers to the customers and management of the information flow in a way that maximizes the consumer satisfaction with the increase in the profit margins of the company. Simply, it includes a series of value-adding activities connecting a company s supply side (raw materialsRead MoreDell Value Chain1717 Words   |  7 PagesVALUE ADDED CHAIN IN DELL SUBMITTED BY: SIDDHARTHA DAS ROLL NO: 32 BATCH: PGDM (FM) 2010-12 SUBJECT: Project and Infrastructure Management: Financing, Implementation and Control Table of Contents Sl.No. | Description | Page No. | 1 | VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS | 3 | 2 | VALUE CHAIN IN DELL | 4 | 3 | DIRECT SELLING STRATEGY OF DELL | 5 | 4 | COMPONENTS OF DIRECT SELLING STRATEGY | 6 | 5 | ADVANTAGES OF VALUE CHAIN OF DELL | 8 | 5.1 | CONCLUSION | 9 | CHAPTER-1 What is ValueRead MoreCompany Analysis : Value Chain Analysis Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesValue chain represents the internal activities a firm engages in when transforming inputs into outputs. Value chain analysis is a process where a firm identifies its primary and support activities that add value to its final product and then analyze these activities to reduce costs or increase differentiation. Value chain analysis is also a strategy tool used to analyze internal firm activities. Its goal is to recognize, which activities are the most valuable (i.e. are the source of cost or differentiationRead MoreSkype: Strategic Management and Sara Lee1472 Words   |  6 Pagesstrategy in computers, personal media players, and smartphones? Have its strategies in its core businesses yielded success? Explain. 3. What does a competitive strength assessment reveal about Apple’s computer business, as compared to the leaders in the personal computer industry? Use the methodology in Table 4.2 to support your answer. Does it appear that the company’s competitive positions in personal media players and smartphones or stronger or weaker than its position in computers? 4. Does itRead MoreEssay about Network Infrastructure Upgradation679 Words   |  3 PagesInfrastructure Upgradation A computer network or data network is a telecommunications network that allows computers to exchange data. In computer networks, networked computing devices pass data to each other along data connections. The connections (network links) between nodes are established using either cable media or wireless media. Network computer devices that originate, route and terminate the data are called network nodes. Nodes can include hosts such as personal computers, phones, servers as wellRead MoreLenovo Strategic Plan1531 Words   |  7 Pagesmodel theory, the value chain theory, the core competition theory and the SWOT analysis theory to analyze and study the inner and outer surroundings of Lenovo group. Company background Lenovo Group was established in 1984 in the Chinese Beijing, the company mainly produces desktop computer, notebook computer, server, printer, palmtop computer, motherboards, mobile phone and other electronic products. Is a leading global PC business, the original Lenovo and IBMs personal computer division and combinationRead MoreSmartphone Industry and Apples Iphone Analysis1350 Words   |  6 PagesManagement (Communication Equipment Industry) ------------------ Group #10: 2.Binh Thieu 3.Lan Phan 4.Minh Thu Luu 5.Tung Duong What is the one item you never leave home without? Outline Industry Analysis Why? Driving Forces Dominant Features Five Forces Strategy Group Map Key Success Factors Company Analysis Overview Value Chain Analysis SWOT Analysis Competencies Business Analysis Competitive Strategy Recommen dations Outline Industry Analysis Why? Driving Forces Smart-phonesRead MoreSummary of Clock Speed: Winning Industry Control in the Age of Temporary Advantage by Charles H. Fine1481 Words   |  6 PagesSummary of Clock Speed: Winning Industry Control in the Age of Temporary Advantage by Charles H. Fine Introduction In order to conduct a scientific study, you set a baseline then introduce changes in order to understand the impact of the change. Unfortunately, the rate of change, or clock speed, in many studies (human evolution as an example) is too slow for one person to have time to introduce multiple changes and measure the results. Biologists have found by studying fruit flies (a rapidRead MoreDell Competitive Advantage and Value Chain Analysis1544 Words   |  7 PagesStrategic Management: Dell Value Chain Activities Analysis INTRODUCTION According to Porter the value chain is defined as the complete flow of products from the suppliers to the customers and management of the information flow in a way that maximizes the consumer satisfaction with the increase in the profit margins of the company.(ivythesis,2009) Dell’s value chain is one of a kind, they outsource all there components across the world and then assemble and sells it directly to the customers. DellRead MoreInformation Technology ( It ) Is A Universal And Versatile Tool1646 Words   |  7 PagesOverview Information Technology (IT) is a universal and versatile tool. It involves our life in every aspect. For example, we used smart phone, WhatsApp, FaceTime to contact people, used computer, e-mail, video conferences to work. In fact, I prefer shopping online to going to the mall. If I did not have a GPS, I would lose my way. In addition, I can order pizza or anything else in the internet. In business, we cannot without it. We used for information-based system, intranet, and paperless system

Functional Areas in Business Free Essays

Task 1: Research different functional areas, provide definitions of each of these functions: * Customer Servise Customer service is the provision of service to customers before, during and after a purchase. Customer service is a series of activities designed to enhance the level of customer satisfaction – that is, the feeling that a product or service has met the customer expectation. Its importance varies by products, industry and customer; defective or broken merchandise can be exchanged, often only with a receipt and within a specified time frame. We will write a custom essay sample on Functional Areas in Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now Retail stores often have a desk or counter devoted to dealing with returns, exchanges and complaints, or will perform related functions at the point of sale; the perceived success of such interactions being dependent on employees â€Å"who can adjust themselves to the personality of the guest, customer service plays an important role in an organization’s ability to generate income and revenue. From that perspective, customer service should be included as part of an overall approach to systematic improvement. A customer service experience can change the entire perception a customer has of the organization. * ICT Stands for â€Å"Information and Communication Technologies. † ICT refers to technologies that provide access to information through telecommunications. It is similar to Information Technology (IT), but focuses primarily on communication technologies. This includes the Internet, wireless networks, cell phones, and other communication mediums. In the past few decades, information and communication technologies have provided society with a vast array of new communication capabilities. For example, people can communicate in real-time with others in different countries using technologies such as instant messaging, voice over IP (VoIP), and video-conferencing. Social networking websites like Facebook allow users from all over the world to remain in contact and communicate on a regular basis. Modern information and communication technologies have created a â€Å"global village,† in which people can communicate with others across the world as if they were living next door. For this reason, ICT is often studied in the context of how modern communication technologies affect ociety. * Distribution Distribution means ensuring that goods are delivered to the right place on time and in the right condition. Commerce: The movement of goods and services from the source through a distribution channel, right up to the final customer, consumer, or user, and the movement of payment in the opposite direction, right up to the original producer or supplier. Securities: Payment of principal, interest, or dividend by the issuer of a security to the security holders, on a regular (typically monthly or quarterly) basis. Statistics: An order or pattern formed by the tendency of a sufficiently large number of observations to group themselves around a central value. The familiar bell-shaped curve is an example of normal distribution in which the largest numbers of observations are distributed in the center, with progressively fewer observations falling evenly on the either side of the center (average) line. See also frequency distribution, normal distribution, and standard distribution. * Marketing The management process through which goods and services move from concept to the customer. As a practice, it consists in coordination of four elements called 4P’s: (1) identification, selection, and development of a product, (2) determination of its price, (3) selection of a distribution channel to reach the customer’s place, and (4) development and implementation of a promotional strategy. As a philosophy, marketing is based on thinking about the business in terms of customer needs and their satisfaction. Marketing differs from selling because (in the words of Harvard Business School’s emeritus professor of marketing Theodore C. Levitt) â€Å"Selling concerns itself with the tricks and techniques of getting people to exchange their cash for your product. It is not concerned with the values that the exchange is all about. And it does not, as marketing invariably does, view the entire business process as consisting of a tightly integrated effort to discover, create, arouse, and satisfy customer needs. † * Human resources The division of a company that is focused on activities relating to employees. These activities normally include recruiting and hiring of new employees, orientation and training of current employees, employee benefits, and retention. Formerly called personnel. * Sales The activity or business of selling products or services. Contract involving transfer of the possession and ownership (title) of a good or property, or the entitlement to a service, in exchange for money or value. Essential elements that must be present in a valid sale are (1) competence of both the buyer and seller to enter into a contract, (2) mutual agreement on the terms of exchange, (3) a thing capable of being transferred, and (4) a consideration in money (or its equivalent) paid or promised. Finance Finance is the study of how investors allocate their assets over time under conditions of certainty and uncertainty. A key point in finance, which affects decisions, is the time value of money, which states that a unit of currency today is worth more than the same unit of currency tomorrow. Finance aims to price assets based on their risk level, and expected rate of return. Finance can be broken into three different sub categories: public finance, corporate finance and personal finance. * Production The processes and methods employed to transform tangible inputs (raw materials, semifinished goods, or subassemblies) and intangible inputs (ideas, information, knowledge) into goods or services. * Research and development Systematic activity combining both basic and applied research, and aimed at discovering solutions to problems or creating new goods and knowledge. RD may result in ownership of intellectual property such as patents. In accounting for RD costs, the development costs may be carried forward but the basic and applied research costs are often written-off as incurred. Administration Management: The interpretation and implementation of the policy set by an organization’s board of directors. The administration of a business is synonymous with the performance or management of business operations, maybe including important decision making. Thus it is likely to include the efficient organization of people and other resources so as to direct activities toward common goa ls and objectives. Task 2: Using Newcastle College website find out about entry requirements to a Level 3 Business related course: 5 GCSEs A – C or equivalent at Pass level, ideally inc English ; Maths. If English is not your first language you will need an IELTS score of 5. Task 3: Using the college library research using a book the area of business you are most interested in: Business administration is the process of managing a business or non-profit organization so that it remains stable and continues to grow. This consists of a number of areas, ranging from operations to management. There are many different roles related to business administration, including business support, office manager, and Chief Executive Officer (CEO), among others. Most companies have a dedicated group of administrators. Main Areas The main areas incorporated into business administration are operations, logistics, marketing, economics, Human Resources (HR), and management. An administrator oversees these parts of an organization to make sure that they’re all functioning properly and efficiently individually, and that they’re all working together to make the business profitable. He or she may also come up with ways to make the department more profitable, and often delegates tasks to employees in the department. Large companies usually have at least one administrator assigned to each area. Roles Most companies have a range of administrative roles in different parts of their corporate hierarchy. At the office level, there are business support officers, who might develop and maintain an office database, oversee other employees for projects, and help the manager with analyzing performance trends. At the next level there are office managers, who oversee an entire office, make budgets and analyses of staff performance, design procedures, and assign projects, among other things. If an organization is large, it may have several assistant managers to help the overall office manager. After office-level managers, there are division administrators, who oversee large portions of an organization. They generally specialize in one area of business administration. For instance, a company might have a person with a specialization in HR administration oversee that department and make sure it’s working efficiently to meet the business’ overall goals. This includes things like measuring the performance of HR staff members, hiring new staff for the department if needed or getting rid of non-performing staff, and making sure that the process for hiring is workable. The head of overall operations in business administration is usually referred to as the chief executive officer (CEO) or president. The CEO and president may be the same office, but this varies between companies. The CEO, depending on the size of the company, may have several vice presidents, each responsible for one area of company operations. For example, there could be a vice president for marketing, one for research and design, and one for sales or customer relations. Each of these operate independently. Work Environment The work environment for someone in business administration depends largely on the type of job he or she is doing. Those on the lower end of the hierarchy often work in structured environments and make frequent reports to their superiors, while those higher up may have more freedom with their schedules. Depending on the type of organization, work hours may be 9 to 5 or they may be more flexible. Overtime is often required when big projects are nearing completion, or when annual analyses and presentations need to be made. Generally speaking, anyone in this type of position needs to have excellent communication skills, as he or she will be working with a lot of different people, sending out memos, and making reports. They also need to be comfortable with making presentations, and they need to be able to lead people. Another important skill is being able to understand how many different parts of a system or organization work together, so that they can make workable systems and figure out what’s wrong with those that don’t work. Most are also very good at math and have an understanding of economics, since they usually make budgets and analyze their office, department, or company’s performance. Education Many universities offer business administration programs for both online and offline study. A typical curriculum covers the critical aspects of operating a business such as customer service, business finance, marketing, and human resources. Aspiring administrators can improve their marketability by minoring in a related field such as an applied science for engineering or psychology for marketing and sales. Most large companies want applicants that have at least a master’s degree in a business-related field. This involves getting hands-on experience, typically by interning at a corporation to get a feel for how the different aspects fit together. Depending on a student’s chosen area, he or she may need to write and enact a business plan to prove your competency; for example, he or she might need to come up with a marketing or sales plan for a hypothetical product, targeting it at a given demographic. How to cite Functional Areas in Business, Essay examples

Human Resource Banks and Credit Unions

Question: Discuss about the Case Study for Human Resource of Banks and Credit Unions. Answer: Description of Commonwealth Bank Commonwealth Bank is a bank known as the Commbank, or Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) and the Australian government founded the bank. The foundation happened during the 19th century in the year 1911 under the Act of Commonwealth Bank mainly for saving and banking business in general, and the act was favoring its nationalism. Commonwealth Bank was the first one to receive a guarantee of Federal Government. The location of the bank is in Australia, and it is the largest listed company along with Australia Bank, Westpac, and ANZ. Currently, more than 800,000 shareholders are in the Commonwealth Bank, and 52,000 people are working in the firm. Commonwealth Bank is a multinational because its businesses are across countries like Asia, USA, New Zealand, Fiji and the United Kingdom (Grubel, 2014, p. 123). The bank is providing services like superannuation, investment, insurance, retail, banking, broking services, and management of funds (Ravendran, MacColl, and Docherty, 2011, p. 263). The banks headquarter is located in the building of former Sega World Sydney. The first branch of the Commonwealth Bank was in Melbourne in the year 1912 and in was trading through the agencies of the post offices too. In the same year, the bank came up with the bank of state saving in Tasmania and 1913; there were branches in the six states. In 1916, the bank opened another branch in Rabaul due to the Australian Army that was living in that place. In Queensland, there was a state saving bank under Commonwealth Bank in 1920. The government transferred its savings bank business to the Commonwealth Bank in the New South Wales in 1931.Commonwealth Bank was enriching the economy by financing different types of groups, for instance, the businesses, primary producers, manufacturers, and home buyers, and this was profiting the bank hence a vibrant economy. Private Banks were enjoying a cordial relationship that was between them and Commonwealth Bank. When Sir Denison Miller who was the Director of the bank died, the Bruce- Page Administration brought the bill of amending the Commonwealth Bank Act (Merrett, 2013, p. 410). There was a change, and the directorate was the one controlling the bank instead of the new governor. The directorate was containing the financial magnet body that was the secretary, treasurer, and the governor. After the amendment of Commonwealth Bank Act, the bank was no longer the same, several changes were made, for instance, the government was borrowing the money from the bank, and the leaders were stealing the money from the banks of those who are dead. Besides, the appointed officials were private banks shareholders where they were gaining interests. People were having difficulties in borrowing the money from the bank since the conditions were intolerable. They were no longer having the fast rates when borrowing the money because the bank tightened the credits. The bank is offering different services like loans, credit cards, saving accounts and transaction. Also, the Commonwealth Bank is providing services to the individuals who have the plans of moving to Australia. Commonwealth Bank has three services that are structuring it, and the services include the retail banking, premium business, and management of wealth (Donovan, and Gorajek, 2011, p. 36). The primary role of retail banking services is to deliver financial services to customers for personal or small businesses. Premium Business service has two essential areas that include Institutional Banking and Markets (IMM) and Business, and Private Banking (BPB); they have different roles. IBM is providing services to the global markets and institutional clients while BPB is serving business and private banking customers. The role of wealth management is to bring together the platform of the group and mater funds, superannuation, and insurance. Dedication of Human Resources Department The Commonwealth Bank Human resource department is very dedicated to their work. First, the background and the hard work of the Group Executive, Human Resources leader will tell all about the company. Melanie Laing who is the HR manager has been working for businesses that are big and located in the countries like U.S, Europe, and Asia once employed her. The human resource department is campaigning about several issues like the expression of interests through the mobile and business home lending, installation of system and software engineering. The HR department is advertising job opportunities that are in the company, for instance, casual customer service representative, and Risk executive and marketing manager among others (Nankervis et al. 2014,). In the Commonwealth Bank, there is a communication tool that is internet based and is having the most valuable information for employees that are necessary for their daily work. The access to this tool is saving time, and these employers can interact with others using this communication tool. During the employees recruitment, HR department is looking for dedicated and talented individuals. The company is growing at a higher rate due to dedicated employees who have the ability to use their skills and have a strong ethic of customer service. The human resource department is appreciating employees who are hard working by rewarding and acknowledging them, and this shows how dedicated they are in their work (Love and Singh, 2011, p. 180). Commonwealth Bank employees are getting professional development opportunities in an environment that is caring, flexible and collaborative. The banks employees are getting benefits like the insurance of life, medical and vision, and pensions and the human resource department is organizing for the training of new members and advancement to old members of the firm. By carrying out all these duties, the human resource management is showing how dedicated and hard work it is to the company and through that the corporation has explosively grown. Sort of Approach in Commonwealth Bank The first approach that one can observe in Commonwealth Bank is gender equality at a workplace. In this company, several programs are existing to create awareness and understanding of sex equality issues that may arise during work. In the bank, women are found in senior positions than men, and this is helping in the issue of pay equity. Gender equality is the first way of approaching diversity and inclusion in the Commonwealth Bank hence it directly linked to the firms vision (Kabeer and Natali, 2013, pg 40). Gender is part of the cultures and values of the bank. Hence, it is imperative to every member. Apart from equality between the sexes, Commonwealth Bank is offering training and development to its employees, and they are giving them a flexibility support for as long as they stay with the enterprise. The employees who are working hard in the company are getting several benefits, for instance, they are getting rewards like competitive pay, employee share plan, salary sacrifice super, share, childcare fees and the Commonwealth Bank Group Super. Also, the employees are getting high quality of banking, investing and insurance services. The long-standing employees are getting recognition, and the bank is celebrating some of them (Chikungwa and Chamisa, 2013, p. 219). In Commonwealth Bank, almost all the human resources roles are undertaken by this department. The HR is recruiting candidates for the positions that are free in the bank, and they are conducting meetings and training to the employees (Anis, Nasir and Safwan 2011, p.267). The department is again ensuring there is a good relationship between the employees of the bank and it makes sure that the working environment for these employees is safe. The HR in Commonwealth Bank ensures that its employees are benefiting and getting compensations and awards. When HR gives employees their benefits, they have satisfaction in the firm and the firm is using the method to recruit the talented workers. In addition to the mentioned roles, the Commonwealth Bank Human Resource team is playing a role in auditing. First, the department is appointing the audit manager whose role is to focus on the firms treasury and trading businesses. The manager has different responsibilities in the line of the work. For instance, the banks Audit Methodology is delivering assurance of the Corporate Banking portfolio effectively and efficiently. Apart from auditing, the bank has the executive manager who is leading the functions of Human Resource Groups. Levels of Human Resource Performance The HR department in the Commonwealth Bank undertakes all the roles of HR as proposed by Nankervis. The primary role of human resource is to plan, staff, develop and administer policies that are governing an organization (Boxall and Purcell, 2011, p. 64). The management is concerned about the employees and how they are relating within a firm. Human resource planning function is determining the total number and type of employees that a business needs to accomplish its goals. The first step of this function is the research because it requires various collection and analyzed information. After collecting the necessary information, planning will give a clear picture of future needs of human resources. Staffing and development of employee are the basic human resource allocation strategy. Staffing is emphasizing on the recruitment and planning of people by the human resource. By recruiting, qualified applicants are getting jobs in an organization of their choice, and this is the personnel function. The purpose of training and development is to give knowledge and skills employees for them to perform their jobs efficiently (Hameed and Waheed, 2011, p. 136). The human resource department is not only providing training for the new hires that have no experience, but it provides training to the employees who are experienced but are undergoing a change in their jobs. By doing that, the employee is advanced and is moving to a higher level position that the previous one. In some large organizations, development programs are there to prepare employees for responsibilities in high-level jobs. Due to the development and training, the employees are capable of performing jobs at higher levels hence, they are getting the promotion. Recruitment and Selection Issues When recruitment and selection are well managed, the company can have significant outcomes, and the performance can increase. Employees selection and recruitment are very crucial to an organizations functioning hence when the employer carries it out inappropriately; several adverse consequences may occur (Cook, 2016, p. 85). For instance, the effectiveness of an organization may reduce, low morale that can affect the performance of an employee, the organization may lose the business opportunity, and there may be a higher turnover of labor level. The individual recruited may feel that the development strategies are unfair. The managers may be distress since they are the once dealing with the employees who are unsuitable to the company. Before recruiting the employees, organizations need to adopt the strategic HR planning approach and by doing this, there will be an active recruitment and the performance of a firm. The planning of HR involves roles of the job and the competencies that are associated; the department is developing an excellent understanding of both internal and external labor market. Most organizations are having difficulties in filling a vacancy, and this is because they lack skills on how to recruit people or employees that can take the job. When an organization is recruiting or selecting employees, it needs to have soft skills (Djabatey, 2012, pg. 68). The soft power is looking at the competency, personal attributes, and qualities of a person, skills that are transferable and social. Several companies are currently using the expertise based interviews on the expertise during the time of recruitment and selection. When carrying out recruitment and selection, some choices that are in the process. First are the channels of recruitment that includes the local newspaper advertisements, corporate websites, agencies that recruit and search films among others (Townley, 2014, p. 92). Both men and women can use these channels during the recruitment, and they are seeking new jobs from different organizations. Internet recruitment is another choice that most organizations are using in the process. Most people have no difficulties in using the internet since they are advanced in technology. Organizations are having a corporate website that they are using as a recruitment channel, and it is an effective one because most of the recruits are graduates, professionals in IT and technical and managers who once have used the internet. Internet recruitment is adding value to an organization, for instance, it can set up its website for hiring, and it can advertise vacancies that people should fill. By using internet recruitment, an organization is benefiting in different ways like recruitment cost reducing, a lot of applicants are reached, the cycle of recruits are reducing. Besides, the recruits can scan their CVs and send them to the company using the internet, and this is providing flexibility and lessens the amount of paperwork that an organization may use during the selection process (Heron and Charlesworth, 2012, p.214). For the organizations that are doing the recruitment internationally, a combination of the internet and video technology can work out and this is making the work easier and efficient to those firms. The technology is creating opportunities for organizations to use tests and tools that are helping in improving the matchs likelihood between job vacancies and the applicants. Retention and Development of Commonwealth Bank In Commonwealth Bank, most employees are retaining their work due to several reasons. First is their support for gender equality. The workplace at the bank is friendly to everyone, and everybody including leaders and employees are allowed to talk about sex. By doing this, CBA is opening the gender diversity program that is increasing the number of women in the upper position hence giving them promotion (Gul, Akbar and Jan, 2012, p. 284). Another reason for job retaining is the culture flexibility that is dealing with the work practice adaptation. In an organization, there are flexible and innovative programs that are supporting employees around the firm. For instance, the bank introduced formal flexible options of work and programs of leave. Working hours and the work location are flexible to employees, and some are working on part- time and even sharing their job opportunities to balance career and personal wants. Women who are working at the bank have maternity leave, and every emp loyee is allowed to have a career break of up to three years. The wellbeing of Commonwealth Bank customers is at the center of everything, and the bank is the first in customer satisfaction. By having the customer service at the top priority, the bank is retaining and developing these clients. The presence of customer centricity program at the Commonwealth Bank is helping them in keeping their customers. The program is doing research on the wants of the customers, and sometimes they deliver the services, and everyone working in this firm is available for the service delivery (Allred and Addams 2013, p. 110). The compound of the enterprise is straightforward and clear to every customer. Performance Management in an Organization Each agency should have a performance management for it is a crucial process for it creates awareness of what is happening in a firm and the performance level of all employees. Job Description and Overview of Commonwealth Bank Looking at Commonwealth Bank the performance plan of managing director is different from others positions. The managing director is also a Chief Executive Officer in the firm, and this individual has different roles to play in the management. The general director in Commonwealth Bank is focusing on the development of strategic peoples capabilities, technology, taking care of the customers, and the productivity of the company and the strength of the firms finance (Rummler and Brache, 2012, p. 124). The Commonwealth Bank Managing Director is called Mr. Ian Narev who joined the organization in May 2007 as a Group Strategy Head. Ian got the current position in December 2011and still, serves as the Managing Director and Chief Executive. Performance Review Method The most suitable performance evaluation process is assessment center that involves testing of candidates in social situations. An organization that uses the method can evaluate the senior level employees like the managers. The method is assessing these high-level employees because they are daily dealing with the subordinate, supervisors and peers. The method is helpful to the employer since they can understand the capability of a person and capacity in settings socially. Assessment center involves various exercises, for example, the incident of role playing, business game, and activities of in basket. By using the method, employers can know different employees personalities. For instance, a company knows the acceptability, tolerance, openness and introversion/ extroversion of employees. The assessment center is focusing mostly on the observation of employees behaviors while working on the duties given (Prochaska, 2013, p.120). Why Assessment Center is Most Suitable The method is encouraging managers to come together and participate in different exercises that are leading to a real job satisfactory performance (Hoffman et al. 2011, p.780). During the assessment process, there is an improvement in accuracy since most people are using selection method and future performance of the job is predicted using the method. Using the assessment center method, the employers can assess candidates who are similarly working and see the differences that they have by using test exercises. The method is helping in the building of proposition on the employment and branding employers (Koopmans et al. 2011,p.860). When carrying out the assessment center method, the cost is not as high as other methods hence making it the cheapest one with lower costs. The recruits who have few errors are paying less than those who have lots of mistakes. Candidates are seeing the advantages of the jobs they applied for since they are doing the tests through exercises. The assessment center is a fair process because the diversity of the implementation of an organization and selection of people is only of merit. Advantages and Disadvantages of Assessment Center Advantages Disadvantages One advantage of the assessment center is it that; is properly administered and designed (Arthur 2012, p. 150). The method is more reliable in doing works like supervisory evaluation, managerial and potential management than the traditional ones. Essential Centers may not solve the promotional examination problems since it has got some limitations. The number of agencies who are using this approach is very high since it is always successful because it does not require a significant empirical data deals when it comes to its reliability. After carrying out the process, the results are not infallible. The method can only predict capability of a person but it cannot know the performance of that person. During the process, there is a direct link to materials used and the candidates job (Birasnav, Rangnekar and Dalpati 2011,p.110). For instance, when interviewing a police, the assessment center is using interview of citizens as a test exercise, and this is reflecting on the duties of police during the actual job. Many things can go wrong since the method is difficult to administer. One can easily defend the assessment centers if challenged and all types of position and assignment can adapt the method. Using assessment centers improperly may lead to poor results and damage its reputation. The method is reflecting on the diversity of gender and ethnic hence it is eminently objective and fair. During the process, assessment centers are not separating women and men at the workplace because they believe that everyone can do the job. The method is usually testing the ability of a person but not what the person knows. In this scenario, one can know most of the things about a particular job but when given a chance to carry out the task this individual finds it difficult. The method is focusing on ones ability to apply formal education in a situation of the real- world. The individuals who have no experience may not be able to use the method since it needs clarified ideas from others who have ideas on how to use the method (Certo, 2015,p.67). References Allred, A.T. and Addams, H.L., 2013. Service quality at banks and credit unions: what do their customers say?.International Journal of Bank Marketing. Anis, A., Nasir, A. and Safwan, N., 2011. Employee retention relationship to training and development: A compensation perspective.African journal of business management,5(7), p.2679. Arthur, D., 2012.Recruiting, interviewing, selecting and orienting new employees. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Birasnav, M., Rangnekar, S. and Dalpati, A., 2011. Transformational leadership and human capital benefits: The role of knowledge management.Leadership and Organization Development Journal,32(2), pp.106-126. Boxall, P. and Purcell, J., 2011.Strategy and human resource management. Palgrave Macmillan. Certo, S., 2015.Supervision: Concepts and skill-building. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Chikungwa, T. and Chamisa, S.F., 2013. An Evaluation of Recognition on Performance as a Motivator: A Case of Eastern Cape Higher Education Institution.Mediterranean Journal of social sciences,4(14), p.219. Cook, M., 2016.Personnel Selection: Adding Value Through People-A Changing Picture. John Wiley Sons. Djabatey, E.N., 2012.RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PRACTICES OF ORGANISATIONS, A CASE STUDY OF HFC BANK (GH) LTD(Doctoral dissertation, Institute of Distance Learning, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology). Donovan, B. and Gorajek, A., 2011. Developments in the structure of the Australian financial system.RBA Bulletin, June, pp.29-40. Grubel, H.G., 2014. A theory of multinational banking.PSL Quarterly Review,30(123). Gul, A., Akbar, S. and Jan, Z., 2012. Role of Capacity Development, Employee empowerment and Promotion on Employee Retention in the banking sector of Pakistan.International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,2(9), p.284. Hameed, A. and Waheed, A., 2011. Employee development and its affect on employee performance a conceptual framework.International journal of business and social science,2(13). Heron, A. and Charlesworth, S., 2012. Working time and managing care under Labor: whose flexibility?.Australian Bulletin of Labour,38(3), p.214. Hoffman, B.J., Bynum, B.H., Piccolo, R.F. and Sutton, A.W., 2011. Person-organization value congruence: How transformational leaders influence work group effectiveness.Academy of Management Journal,54(4), pp.779-796. Kabeer, N. and Natali, L., 2013. Gender Equality and Economic Growth: Is there a Winà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Win?.IDS Working Papers,2013(417), pp.1-58. Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C.M., Hildebrandt, V.H., Schaufeli, W.B., de Vet Henrica, C.W. and van der Beek, A.J., 2011. Conceptual frameworks of individual work performance: a systematic review.Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,53(8), pp.856-866. Love, L.F. and Singh, P., 2011. Workplace branding: Leveraging human resources management practices for competitive advantage through Best Employer surveys.Journal of Business and Psychology,26(2), pp.175-181. Nankervis, A. R., Compton, R. L., and Baird, M. (2014). Strategic human resource management. South Melbourne, Nelson. Merrett, D.T., 2013. The Australian Bank Crashes of the 1890s Revisited.Business History Review,87(03), pp.407-429. Prochaska, J.O., 2013. Transtheoretical model of behavior change. InEncyclopedia of behavioral medicine(pp. 1997-2000). Springer New York. Ravendran, R., MacColl, I. and Docherty, M., 2011, November. Mobile banking customization via user-defined tags. InProceedings of the 23rd Australian Computer-Human Interaction Conference(pp. 261-264). ACM. Rummler, G.A. and Brache, A.P., 2012.Improving performance: How to manage the white space on the organization chart. John Wiley Sons. Townley, B., 2014. Selection and appraisal: reconstituting.New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals), p.92.

Chemistry Research Paper Global Warming Essay Example

Chemistry Research Paper: Global Warming Paper Scientists supporting the greenhouse effect argue the Earth could warm an average of ICC within the next 20 years. In addition, global warming can be considered a partial cause of the hole in the ozone layer. All species will cease to exist from lethal ultraviolet radiation if the ozone layer is destroyed, thus meaning global warming is an issue that needs to be resolved. Global warming refers to the average temperature increase of the Earths atmosphere as a result of the enduring, increasing effect of greenhouse gases. First and foremost, greenhouse gases include chemical compounds found in Earths atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, as well as methane, which allow excessive mounts of sunlight to enter. Some of the sunlight that initially enters the Earths surface returns to space as infrared radiation. Greenhouse gases absorb this heat and it then remains stuck in the atmosphere forever. Once the heat and light are trapped, the temperature increases. With greenhouse gases becoming a surplus occupying the atmosphere, the Earth will trap an enormous amount of heat, eventually making the Earth too hot. Once the Earth is too hot, life will become hazardous for all creatures. With 97% of scientists who reportedly support global warming, the remaining 3% evidently o not (Forbes 1). The global warming theory proposed by supporters of the subject follows a chain of three steps. According to Forbes Magazine, CO_2 contributes to the cause of warming a series of processes concerning natural climate also add to the effect, and thirdly, warming only matters if it endangers a particular species. Scientists opposed to this theory dont deny the fact that the Earth has warmed over the last two centuries or that some of the warming is a result of man-made CO_2. What skeptics deny is the supposed catastrophe as an effect of global warming. They believe positive autistics in regards to climate change is defective and that the amount of potential harm due to man-made CO_2 is greatly exaggerated while the impact attributable to natural causes is concurrently underestimated (Forbes 4). We will write a custom essay sample on Chemistry Research Paper: Global Warming specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Chemistry Research Paper: Global Warming specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Chemistry Research Paper: Global Warming specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Consequently, skeptics believe there should be more confirmation of this so-called global warming theory. Scientists are in fact looking for the cure of global warming. At the moment, no major projects physically implicating the atmosphere have been initiated due to skepticism Of opposing scientists. However, various technical fixes have been instigated such as informing the public more about the subject, enforcing less tolerance for burning fossil fuels and emitting carbon dioxide, as well as developing electric cars that operate on solar power which do not burn any fuel. On top of that, chemists are currently working on improving catalytic converters to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and finding alternate sources of energy to confiscate CA including blouses, hydrogen fuel cells, bodiless. Chemistry gases are fundamental contributors to global warming in that they absorb infrared light radiation and trap it into the Earths atmosphere which causes climate hanged. Among the most important naturally occurring substances lies water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CA methane (CHI nitrous oxide (NON), and ozone (03 ). Primary among efficient absorbers of radiation, or otherwise known as greenhouse gases, consist of chlorofluorocarbons (Cuffs) , perturbations, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrocephaluss (Huffs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ). These greenhouse gases are another motive to why the atmosphere becomes warmer. Additional chemistry related contributors to global warming are the unwarranted carbon dioxide emissions as a result of running gasoline and the combustion of fossil fuel burning power plants; both being at an all time high. Coal mining, a leading industry nationwide, Oxidized sulfur into SO_3 and SO_4 leading to acidic water conditions which eventually presents atmospheric pollution. Prior to the impact of global warming taking into effect, Earths average temperature instated equilibrium. However, over time and emerging as early as the 20th century, the Earths temperature has risen 1. 4 OF. Indication that global warming is in fact authentic is shown by the varying patterns of rain, abnormally long heat waves, rise in sea levels, etc. As these warnings will continue, more of an impact on ecosystems, animals, as well as the human race will be instigated. Catastrophic effects of global warming on an environmental basis include the disappearance of coral reefs, widespread extinction of animal species such as the polar bears who are now endangered, massive crop failures, as well as more killer Storms. Algae in oceans will be destroyed which serves as a major food source for various sea creatures. Animals will initially be affected due to already obvious signs of sea water levels rising causing plants to die. As a result, animals will have no remaining food to eat which eventually will lead to mass extinction of animals and their habitats. Furthermore, global warming is linked to acid rain that consequently triggers deforestation and massive fires. The negative consequences of global warming will fluctuate greatly across the world but scientists are confident to inform us that results of this will make life extremely difficult if not hazardous. From my perspective, I believe the global warming theory that will eventually erupt into catastrophic conditions if it is to controlled. Moreover, it is obligatory for humans to take action now. Although natural causes are partially the cause, substantial portions of the world today are careless about the environment which serves as a superior cause. Therefore, humans as a team should collaborate to resolve this problem before it is too late. Conclusively, it is crucial for people to be aware of the life-threatening effects global warming may have on the entire world someday. The significant impact global warming will have on individuals, plants, animals is deadly.

Travels with Charley essays

Travels with Charley essays Survival: the continuation of life and existence. Survival is the meaning of the piece from Travels with Charley by John Steinbeck. Although the many circumstances may arise, each living creature is trained to survive the environment in which it lives in. Survival is every beings first duty to perform, to try and beat the conditions of its life. In this piece, Steinbeck uses imagery as a way to let the reader visualize the setting in which he is writing about. Follow the double line of wheel tracks through sand and rock and you will find a habitation somewhere huddled in a protected place, with a few trees pointing their roots at under-earth water, a patch of starveling corn and squash, and strips of jerky hanging on a string. This sentence from the excerpt provides a perfect example of how his word choice and sentence structure creates great imagery for the reader. Steinbecks word choice provides a connection throughout his writing. At the beginning, he uses the word mystery twice in different forms to describe the desert. Steinbeck uses the word mystery to emphasize the way in which such a horrible place could actually be beneficial to anyone, or anything. He links this with the description of the desert, and later links it to his theory on the desert itself. The word itself foreshadows how mystery will be an important role in Steinbecks writing later in the piece. In addition, at the beginning, in sentence above, Steinbeck used great words to create a mental picture of the desert. Such words as huddled, protected, and starveling all generate a different aspect of the desert. Another way in which Steinbeck enhances his writing is in his sentence structure. Throughout the piece, there is not a specific way in which all of his sentences are written, but there are similarities among the sentences that cannot go un...

Code-switching among students in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Code-switching among students in the UK - Essay Example Without doubt, the intertwining of the languages can be noted as a globalization issue, which has occurred in unprecedented way in the today’s highly communicative world. The standardization of the world has been brought forth due to the immense communication as well as escalating of the process of globalization (Rouchdy, 2004). It follows therefore that the increased spread of English language, the pace of globalization and the media progression has ease the potential of â€Å"code-switching† each day (MacSwan, 2010). On the other side, code switching is taken as a negative experience. As much as it is a frequent phenomenon in several parts of the globe, many assert that code switching is a sign of illiteracy or the lameness of having the ability to control two languages (Poplack, 1980). Among the Mexican-American the term â€Å"Tex-Max,† which can be noted as a derogative is used to indicate the mixing of the English and Spanish. In the same way the French –speaking but Canadian communities, the word joule is used to point out a speakers who posses poor language skills just to mention but a few (Nortier, 2008). There are several notion of pointing out fingers to some individuals who usually switch codes (Warner, 2007). At most, they find themselves being sidelined. However, the question is, what is the reason behind these increasing negative attitudes that faces those individual who switch codes? According to scholars, one of the major reasons behind this is the adherence to social norms that goes against the use of mixing codes in the scholarly scenario. One of the areas that code switching has been viewed as a negative phenomenon even by teachers is Hong Kong. In addition, students have joined the teachers in support of negativity on the code switch ing (Suleiman, 1974). This has instilled fear into many students during lesson,

Should Military Recruiters be Allowed in High Schools Thesis

Should Military Recruiters be Allowed in High Schools - Thesis Example Students must be open to all kind of possibilities and military is one of them. Military recruiters’ presence at campus is to inform, educate, motivate and assist young students for an honorable, potentially lucrative and competitive career. According to Weekly Reader Corporation (2006) almost 100,000 teenagers joined United States military in 2004. Approximately 57 percent of all army, Marine, Navy and Air Force recruits are between 17 to 19 years of age. These statistics points towards influence military recruiters have on high school students when it comes to deciding about volunteering for army. According to a clause of No Child Left behind Act 2002, military recruiters are allowed to visit high schools twice a year and schools must provide students’ contact information with recruiters. Military recruiters should be allowed in high schools due to the fact that not only military entirely depend on recruiters to enroll educated and young people to defend the country but also the young students should be aware of all options for making informed and beneficial career decision in uncertain economic conditions and increasing competitiveness for higher education. Military recruiters should be allowed in high schools because army and our defense system depend on the contributions of these young people. According to U.S. Recruiting Command, since the abolition of draft in 1973, United States has an all-volunteer military. It implies that army is completely dependent on recruiters for recruiting well-educated, properly trained and sophisticated people to defend us on war fronts and save our sovereignty (S. Douglas Smith as cited in Herbert, 2006) Parents and students must not feel forced to join military. It is a fact that every employer search for the best to serve and military is no exception. By visiting high school campus, military recruiters not only serve the nation as a whole but also broaden the horizon for teenagers. Their

Reasons for Israels Invasion to Lebanon in 1982 Essay

Reasons for Israels Invasion to Lebanon in 1982 - Essay Example The relations between Israel and Lebanon have a long history, and vary depending on the historical timeline. To understand the reasons behind the Israeli Invasion to Lebanon in 1982, one needs to highlight the history of the two nations. Before the emergence of First World War, the Ottoman Empire was the ruler of the land that is currently Lebanon and Israel. The empire had a division system over the land, setting up series of sub districts and districts. During this time, Palestine had no administrative or political establishment, and Lebanon was a term that referred to the area between mountains and the Sothern Syria. The boundary between Lebanon and Palestine was the district of Beirut . The Zionists, influential at the time, were silently taking notice of the Lebanon in the early 1900s, especially the southern parts. In 1916, the region’s division into zones by the Sykes-Picot agreement was the first attempt of establishing a border between Palestine and Lebanon. Britain w as controlling the southern part (Palestine), and the French had the other northern half. The Zionist began lobbying for the Liwani River to be part of Palestine, arguing that the viability of the northern side was dependent on the river’s resources.... Later, anti-Zionists Arabs became the dominating political power in the southern Lebanon, and that was the beginning of security issues in the region. After the Second World War, Britain and France were again focusing on the issue of the border between the Syria, Palestine and Lebanon. Some of the lessons the Christians in Lebanon learnt were that the southern part of Lebanon was better off a part of Palestine. This would be an effort to restore Lebanon as a truly Christian nation. The border matter was now in the hands of the UN, but still there was no solution. The result was the development of extremist anti-Zionist Arabs in the southern parts of Lebanon, and the eventual involvement of PLO forces in the border conflicts3. Israel and Lebanon had been having conflicts since the onset of the twentieth century, with Israel directing its effort to have a peaceful North. On the other hand, Lebanon was harbouring terrorists within its boundaries like the Palestinian Liberation Organizat ion (PLO), down playing Israel’s efforts. The PLO terrorists began infiltrating Israel in the late 1970s, and spread terror to the non-enthusiast civilians against them. Around March 1978, the terrorists from the organization kidnapped and killed an American tourist in one of Israel’s beach, and proceeded to hijack an Israeli civilian bus. On interception of the bus by Israeli police force, the terrorists began firing on the police. Among the passengers in the bus, 34 Israeli civilians lost their lives in the attack, leading to more severe damage of the relations between the two countries. Responding to the attacks, the Israeli force invaded Lebanon destroying terrorist bases near its borders in the southern parts of the nation. After two months

Nonmaleficence Pillars Of Health System

Nonmaleficence Pillars Of Health System Abstract: Beneficence and Nonmaleficence are the main â€Å"pillars† of the health care system. These two ethical principles seem to be the foundation and set a basic framework for the practice of health care. Hippocrates recognized the significance of these two principles and he pledged to practice healthcare following them (Morrison 48). The function of these two principles go beyond treatment of patients, in fact, it is relevant when dealing with the healthcare staff. As a health care administrator it is vital to create a working environment that runs by the two ethical principles as well as the ethical principle of justice. Justice comes into play because it is a healthcare administrators responsibility and obligation to make sure that each individual staff members is being treated fairly and equally. Thus, ethical issues that are raised in the workplace, specifically, in a health care facility, more often are associated with the principles of nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justic e. A health care administrator is expected to follow all ethical guidelines in the practice of health care. The principle of nonmaleficence is to prevent harm from occurring or the â€Å"duty to avoid harming others† (Morrison 48). This is associated with the treatment of patients which should be done with care and not carelessly. Additionally, the patients autonomy should not be violated under any circumstance in order to prevent potential harm from taking place. In the â€Å"U.S. Hostile Workplace Survey† that was taken in the year 2000 showed that about one out of six workers in a workplace experience some type of bullying that occurred within the last six months (ahanews.com). This shows that some health care administrators are not fully looking after their healthcare facilities and this is allowing bullying to take place. In this case, the healthcare administrator is not doing his/her job in preventing harm, and is therefore not following the ethical principle of nonm aleficence. Furthermore, nonmaleficence goes beyond merely preventing physical harm that might take place during a treatment procedure such as surgery, but it also refers to preventing any harm from occurring to the staff and healthcare facility. The benefits and harms are most often weighed against each other in health care to guide what needs to be done. It is a responsibility of the health care administrator to construct an environment that is not harmful for the employees or staff members. In addition to preventing harm to patients, you must prevent any harm from occurring to the staff as well. The issues of discrimination, bullying and harassment, including sexual harassment in the working environment must be fully and openly addressed. These topics should be taken in as being intolerable and potential harm should be prevented to the employees in risk of these. Moreover, any type of bullying that may occur in the work force should be prevented. Bullying in the workforce is extremely prevalent and this most commonly leads to depression and lowered morale of the individual staff member being bullied. There should be a positive environment in the work area for open discussion and no fear of judgment in the case of telling the HCA about the bullying. There should be an ease to talk to the HCA, and he/she should create an open relation ship with the staff so there is strict guidelines needed to be followed, but an openness to speak about issues of bullying, discrimination, or harassment. There should be a procedure to report someone who is harassed and they should not feel fear of reprisal for mentioning the issue. The supervisor should not be so strict or too lenient because the staff could be scared or too comfortable with him/her. In order to be fair and equal and prevent any harm by being too strict or too lenient, the principles of justice and nonmaleficence need to be followed. Bullying can include â€Å"intimidating and disruptive behaviors† which can cause significant issues for a staff member who is experiencing lowered morale. The staff member being bullied could have trouble caring for the patient as effectively, thus can cause â€Å"poor patient satisfaction†. Patient care in a healthcare facility is reliant on â€Å"teamwork, communication, and a collaborative work environment.† It is important to provide a safe environment and to do so a health care professional who is experiencing bullying or seeing it occur should report it or address the issue. Addressing the issue is very crucial to the success of performance and patient care. The joint effort is needed in health care organizations and a mere act of bullying can affect the entire healthcare facility by lowering the morale and lowering the teamwork and interaction. This is obviously causing harm and the principle of nonmaleficence is not coming into play when bullying has occ urred. Therefore, the health care administrator should adopt a code of conduct in order to follow guidelines and ensure that the staff members are clear what is bullying. Additionally, it is essential â€Å"to create and implement a process for managing disruptive and inappropriate behaviors† in the workplace (newworkplace.wordpress.com). This will ensure that every staff member is being treated fairly and the principle of justice is being followed. More commonly it has been seen that bosses are one of the main sources of bullying. Physicians oftentimes feel that they might know better or more than nurses and treat them unfairly which is going against the principle of nonmaleficence because they are directly causing harm instead of preventing harm. It was seen in one situation that a physician refused to allow his staff member to go to the bathroom which was insulting as well as inappropriate bullying. The â€Å"National Accrediting Agency† now requires of some hospitals to adopt a code of conduct which addresses issues of bullying. â€Å"Intimidating behavior† or bullying can cause staff members to become submissive because of the bullying has cause psychological harm to the individual and this oftentimes leads to medical errors and errors in patient care (workplacebullying.org). A health care administrator has the responsibility of being observant of what is going on in the working environment around him/her and to recognize any social isolation issues, belittling, and overload of work on one particular employee. Segregation and isolation oftentimes occurs due to bullying, however, sometimes it refers to cultural differences. It was seen that the staff members at a particular hospital were critical of the other Latino or Spanish-speaking employees and this caused a rift. There was obvious â€Å"prejudice† and â€Å"stereotyping† because the staff did not communicate with the Latino staff members as much, which caused language discrimination (gradworks.umi.com). This discrimination caused isolation of one particular group and it could and should have been spotted easily by the HCA whose responsibility it is to recognize instances of discrimination and isolation. This situation is also associated with racial discrimination which means that a grou p is isolated due to their ethnicity. It is thus the HCAs responsibility to prevent harm and act on the principle of nonmaleficence; he/she should also ensure that the ethical principle of justice is being practiced by the staff members and everyone is treated fairly and equally. By fixing the problem and causing the staff members to accept each other the health care administrator would be bringing about good which is acting on the ethical principle of beneficence. Racial discrimination is very common when it comes to the workplace. Many have felt that they were refused a promotion because their ethnicity or race. Nurses, specifically Caucasian nurses, felt isolated and discriminated by nurses of different ethnicities. The other nurses who spoke a non-English language seem to exclude Caucasian nurses which cause segregation and is something that should be prevented in the work place (diversityof.net). The impact of this isolation can cause low team effort and cause patient care to be poor. National surveys have shown that many physicians that are of a â€Å"racial/ethnic minority† often feel isolated and racially discriminated in the working environment. Racial discrimination among physicians in the workplace causes â€Å"lower rates of promotion and career satisfaction when compared with nonminority physician peers with similar productivity† (nmanet.org). Ultimately, this has caused a poor working environment and discrimination c auses harm to the staff members as well as the health care organization. In addition to preventing harm, a health care provider must also do good for the patients, which is the principle of beneficence. Beneficence refers to the obligation a HCA has to his/her patients in providing fair treatment that will benefit them, protecting patients autonomous rights and providing aid for anyone in need. It is also an obligation of a health care administrator to bring about good in the workplace and make sure it is a safe working environment for his staff. There should be an appreciation which comes with this principle and should be displayed to the staff members in order to encourage them to always do better and continue to have a high morale. An HCA should balance the benefits and potential harms by deciding the costs against benefits and deciding what would provide the greatest good. The principle of beneficence should always be reinforced in order for the staff members to apply this ethical principle daily. Staff should be treated with beneficence in order for them to treat patients using this same principle. It is the responsibility of the administrator to be encouraging and compassionate towards the staff and to prevent negative attitudes which can lower the morale and cause potential harm. Also, an administrator should always offer assistance whereas being too authoritative would make the staff uneasy. Undoubtedly, the administrator should work on the weaknesses of the staff members and build upon their strengths in order for each individual to use their strengths for the good of the health care organization. Furthermore, downsizing in the workplace which include laying-off employees can affect the employees that are laid off as well as the staff members who are left feeling guilty and cannot work as efficiently due to this guilt. An HCA should not be keeping silent in a time when laying off is occurring because it can lead to rumors spreading around the workplace and a situation can become worse than it really is. Also, it can cause employees to be stressed and upset, which inevitably causes harm. After the lay-off has occurred, there should be open forums and discussion in order to be aware of everyones feelings towards the issue. The work place should be safe and healthy as well as have a positive atmosphere in order for there to be no fear of judgment which will prevent harm from happening such as harassment, bullying, or discrimination. The ethical issues raised in the workplace can range from bullying, discrimination, to harassment. These issues in the workplace cause harm to the staff members due to lowered morale and poor working efficiency. Discrimination can isolate and segregate groups of people or one person due to ethnicity, which would be racial discrimination or by other factors involved. This inevitably causes harm and not everyone is being treated fairly, thus the principle of nonmaleficence and justice are not being applied. Beneficence should be used when creating an environment that is safe and positive for the staff members to feel comfortable enough to report bullying, discrimination or harassment. Nonmaleficence, justice and beneficence are interconnected and work together in many situations for good ethical decision making. The relationship between the employee and administrator and the staff members themselves should be positive if using these three principles.

The Piano Lesson Essay -- essays research papers

Defend Boy Willie’s Scheme for Buying Sutter’s Land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In The Piano Lesson, written by August Wilson, Boy Willie devises a scheme for buying Sutter’s land. Boy Willie has one part of the money saved up. He will sell the watermelons for the second part. Then he will sell the piano for a third part. The only debating issue in Boy Willie’s scheme is the piano. Berniece does not want to sell the piano. This is the only reason for a defense in Boy Willie’s scheme. Therefore, I will defend Boy Willie’s issue of selling the piano and how that liberates him in reference to his scheme for buying Sutter’s land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first defense is the usage of the piano. In Wilson’s novel, Berniece never uses the piano, Boy Willie: â€Å" You can’t do nothing with that piano except sit up there and look at it†, Berniece, â€Å"That’s just what I’m gonna do† (p.50). The piano is a â€Å"sentimental value† (p.51) to Berniece. Her father died over the piano (p.42-46). Boy Willie argues even though the piano is of sentimental value, Berniece is not using it. He wants to sell it in order to buy land, seed, and workers, which will in turn produce a crop, and something will come out of that (p.51).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second defense is that of equality. Boy Willie believes how a certain individual perceives himself determines what that individual really is in reality (p.92). He also believes that white men have one advantage over black men and that ... The Piano Lesson Essay -- essays research papers Defend Boy Willie’s Scheme for Buying Sutter’s Land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In The Piano Lesson, written by August Wilson, Boy Willie devises a scheme for buying Sutter’s land. Boy Willie has one part of the money saved up. He will sell the watermelons for the second part. Then he will sell the piano for a third part. The only debating issue in Boy Willie’s scheme is the piano. Berniece does not want to sell the piano. This is the only reason for a defense in Boy Willie’s scheme. Therefore, I will defend Boy Willie’s issue of selling the piano and how that liberates him in reference to his scheme for buying Sutter’s land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first defense is the usage of the piano. In Wilson’s novel, Berniece never uses the piano, Boy Willie: â€Å" You can’t do nothing with that piano except sit up there and look at it†, Berniece, â€Å"That’s just what I’m gonna do† (p.50). The piano is a â€Å"sentimental value† (p.51) to Berniece. Her father died over the piano (p.42-46). Boy Willie argues even though the piano is of sentimental value, Berniece is not using it. He wants to sell it in order to buy land, seed, and workers, which will in turn produce a crop, and something will come out of that (p.51).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second defense is that of equality. Boy Willie believes how a certain individual perceives himself determines what that individual really is in reality (p.92). He also believes that white men have one advantage over black men and that ...

Engineering Education in Ghana

2.2.4 EducationEducation serves as an engine for economic growing through the accretion of human capital. Education is strongly associated with boosting degrees of societal capital ( Campbell, 2006 ) . the act or procedure of leaving or geting general cognition, developing the powers of concluding and judgement, and by and large of fixing oneself or others intellectually for mature life ( Dictionary.com, 2014 ) .2.2.5 ENGINEERING EducationEngineering instruction is the activity of learning cognition and rules related to the professional pattern of technology. It includes the initial instruction for going an applied scientist and any advanced instruction and specialisations that follow. Engineering instruction is typically accompanied by extra scrutinies and supervised preparation as the demands for a professional technology licence.2.3 Technology Education IN GHANA OVER THE YEARSEngineering instruction in the so Gold Coast dates back to the 1930’s. In August 1931, the Colonial Government requested Achimota College in Accra to form an technology class to develop Africans for senior assignments in the Public Works Department, the railroads and subsequently, the mines. The class, which was based on the external grade course of study of the University of London, consisted of four and a half old ages of survey at Achimota, followed by between three and four old ages of structured post-graduation practical preparation. Initially, the class offered at Achimota led to grades in electrical, mechanical and civil technology, but with the enlargement of activities in the excavation sector in the Gold Coast, it became necessary for the School to spread out its class offerings to include excavation technology. In malice of the troubles it experienced, the Achimota Engineering School managed to turn out a sum of 25 applied scientists before the start of the Second World War compelled it to close down. These applied scientists were to play cardinal functions in the imme diate post-independence development of Ghana and besides served in other African states every bit good as working for international bureaus. With the constitution of the University College of the Gold Coast in Legon, Accra in 1948, university instruction was phased out of the Achimota College campus. Unfortunately, no proviso was made for the transportation of the technology classs to the new University College, therefore the preparation of applied scientists was interrupted between 1948 and 1952 when a School of Engineering was once more established as portion of the new Kumasi College of Technology and the equipment, and some staff of the Achimota Engineering School transferred to Kumasi to organize the karyon of the new school. From 1952 to 1955, the School of Engineering prepared its pupils for rank of the assorted Professional Institutions in the United Kingdom. The formal preparation of alumnus applied scientists of assorted specialisations commenced in 1955 in particular rela tionship with the University of London and pupils were prepared to take Partss I, II and III of the University of London Bachelor of Science ( Engineering ) External grade scrutinies. The first professional applied scientists produced by the Kumasi School of Engineering, who were all civil applied scientists, graduated with the university of London External B.Sc. ( Eng. ) grade in June 1959. The School of Engineering began to present its ain technology grades in June 1964.2.3.1 Technology Education FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENTRelevance of technology plans to the demands of industry has sometimes been interpreted as a state of affairs in which the merchandises of an technology plan are to be trained to be of immediate usage to industry after small or no post-graduation preparation. Pressures, hence, be given to be put on African technology modules to cut down on the content of the theoretical facets of their classs in favour of vocational facets – force per unit areas which are, i n bend, frequently ferociously resisted by technology pedagogues. Yet, technology plans in African Universities stand to derive enormously when there is active co-operation between technology pedagogues and the chief consumers of technology work force based on common regard and clear grasp of the functions of the assorted stakeholders. It is besides anticipated that the technological spread between the developed and the underdeveloped universe will go even wider in the twenty-first Century, therefore, doing technology preparation even more situation-specific. This will intend that Ghana will hold to depend even more on her national establishments for the preparation of the technology work force relevant to their development demands. It will, hence, be necessary for the professional associations and the preparation establishments in Africa to co-operate even more closely in specifying the content of the technology course of study of the twenty-first Century.2.4 DESIGNING AN ENGINEERI NG SCHOOL2.4.1CONDUSIVE TEACHING EnvironmentTo forestall the assorted jobs pupils and lectors face in the schoolroom, it is of import to set into consideration the agreement of the schoolroom. Savage 2009 indicates that, the physical agreement of schoolrooms plays a prima function in the character defining of pupils and goes a long manner in bettering the academic public presentation of pupils. If a schoolroom is non good designed, it affects the end product of pupils, hence hindering on the intent for which talks are intended. The research on schoolroom environments suggests that schoolrooms should be organized to suit a assortment of activities throughout the twenty-four hours and to run into the teacher’s instructional ends ( Savage, 1999 ; Weinstein, 1992 ) . The criterions for finding what spacial lay-out is most appropriate to carry through these maps include: ways to maximise the teacher’s ability to see and be seen by all his or her pupils ; ease easiness of mo tion throughout the schoolroom ; minimize distractions so that pupils are best able to actively prosecute in faculty members ; supply each pupil and the instructor with his or her ain personal infinite ; and guaranting that each pupil can see presentations and stuffs posted in the schoolroom. Seating agreement in talk halls are really important since it indicates whether there will be societal exchanges in the category is task behaviorally delighting. It is besides really important to forestall high traffic countries in schoolroom designs, such as waste basket countries. Critically, it is really of import that, pupils have a clear position of the lector at every point in clip ( Quin et al. , 2000 ) . In making so, the lector should besides be giving freedom in his motion through the talk room or schoolroom. There is some grounds that it is utile to restrict ocular and audile stimulation that may deflect pupils with attending and behaviour jobs ( Bettenhausen, 1998 ; Cummings, Quinn et al. , 2000 ) . The physical agreement of the schoolroom can function as a powerful setting event for supplying pupils effectual direction and facilitate ( or inhibit ) positive instruction or learning interactions. As with other facets of direction, the physical agreement of the schoolroom should be brooding of the diverse cultural and lingual features of the pupils and be consistent with specific scholar demands.2.4.2 STAIRWAYSStairwaies are seen as connections between at least two different degrees. Vertical risers and horizontal paces are connected to stairss over a incline. It can besides be defined as a system of stairss by which people and objects may go through from one degree of a edifice to another. One of the most critical parts of school traffic design is the staircase, which should be located in relation to the inclusive traffic form, maintaining in head burden distribution, safety, finish of pupils between periods and riddance of cross traffic. The staircases should be designed for unsophisticated, fast, and safe motion of male childs and misss. Stairways non merely supply entree to and from assorted floor degrees, but they are used at every period for the perpendicular circulation of pupils altering categories. It is of import that staircases should be designed to guarantee that male childs and misss with books under their weaponries may walk side by side to avoid congestion ; a breadth of 4 pess 8 inches to 5 pess between bannisters is recommended. Stairwaies should be of fireproof building, taking straight to the out-of-doorss. They should be equipped with smoke-control installations, dividing the stairwells from the corridors which they serve.2.4.3 CorridorA well-designed school has corridors that accommodate the free and informal motion of pupils. The narrow corridor normally requires formal, regimented, and supervised traffic flow. The walls of corridors should be free of all projections. Heat units, imbibing fountains, fire asphyxiators, cabinets, doors, and show instances should be recessed in the involvement of pupil safety. Acoustic belongingss are desirable to cut down hall noise. Corridors should be good lighted, with exigency proviso in the event of chief power failure. Floor covering should be lasting, nonskid, and easy to keep. The maximal length of unbroken corridors should non transcend 150 pess to 200 pess longer subdivisions give an unwanted position.2.5 FORMAL SPACES2.5.1 CLASSROOMSClassrooms have comparatively straightforward demands: line of sight, good acoustics, and a focal point at the forepart of the room helping as the platform for instructors to talk. Physical restraints such as the ability of pupils to turn around in their seats, can restrict the success of a designed schoolroom infinite. The room may be designed for pupil coaction. Seatings may be arranged in mated rows with specially design chairs that allow pupils to confront each other for coaction. Apart from the schoolroom and formal infinites, educational establishments are besides designed with the proviso of informal infinites in head.2.5.2 OfficesThe finding of whether an office or cell will be assigned is based on an person ‘s occupation description and place within the organisation. Factors such as confidentiality or security demands, figure of employees supervised and particular equipment demands will be evaluated. Offices should be placed near the inside nucleus infinite. This increases the incursion of natural visible radiation into the edifice. When it is impractical to turn up offices near the inside nucleus, door running lights and borrowed visible radiations should be considered to convey daytime into the interior infinites. Translucent glazing such as frosted or patterned glass can be used if there is a ocular privateness demand. Offices located in the inside of the edifice infinite should be provided with a door or running light assembly or a borrowed visi ble radiation ( interior window ) in at least one wall at a tallness above the finished floor that allows ocular privateness while conveying visible radiation from the exterior.2.6 REQUIREMENTS OF LECTURE HALL SPACES( The followers demands of a schoolroom design have been taken from the â€Å"University of Maryland, Baltimore County General Lecture Hall Design Guidelines, and Revised August 25, 2000 ) . Physical Access and Movement – The design shall take into history the flow of pupils both in and out of the infinite and within the infinite every bit good as the demand for the teacher to travel about in the forepart of the room. 1. Sufficient infinite is needed near the forepart of the room for puting up audiovisual equipment, such as projection screens and charts. 2. Ceilings should be a upper limit of 9.5 pess high. 3. Light from Windowss should, if possible, come over a student ‘s left shoulder. No lector should be required to confront the Windowss when turn toing the category from the normal teaching place. 4. Ceilings and/or walls should be acoustically treated. 5. Floors should hold a cushioning stuff. 6. The schoolroom should hold as quiet a location as possible, off from noisy out-of-door countries. Ease of entree to specialise installations outside the academic unit should be ensured.2.6.1 DOORSThe flow of pupils should be the major factor in finding the location of entrywaies. Entrances should be located to avoid pupil traffic go throughing through non-instructional countries. In add-on, big Numberss of pupils going in corridors and hallways can bring forth unwanted noise. In finding the size of entrywaies and issues, constructing codifications should non be the lone standard. The flow of pupils in and out of suites can hold a major impact on size of entrywaies and issues. The design of entrywaies, issues, stepss, corridors, and exterior waies should take into history between-class pupil traffic. For illustration, it is non realistic to presume that a room will be wholly vacant when pupils begin geting for the following category. Provision should hence be made for vision panels in entryway doors. They could be tinted. Besides, proviso should be made for door Michigans to protect the wall surface.2.6.2 FLOOR, WALLS AND CEILINGSIn smaller schoolrooms, it is common to utilize vinyl composing tile or rug. Rug should be provided in all suites unless subject particular related classs dictate otherwise. The ceiling tallness is another of import consideration when planing the infinite. For illustration, because a projection screen must be big plenty to expose images of equal size, it must be placed high plenty from the floor to supply unobstructed sight lines. This normally requires a ceiling tallness higher than the standard eight pess.2.6.3 NOISE CONTROLOther of import factors must be considered in the design. To avoid the noise generated by their operation and usage, peddling machines must be located as far off as possible. Trash and recycling containers should be located near the peddling machines. Restrooms and imbibing fountains should be located nearby and should be designed to manage pupil usage between categories. To forestall unwanted noise transmittal, public toilets should non portion common walls, floors, or ceilings with instructional infinites

Important Things to Know About Before Getting a Tattoo

Important Things to Know About Before Getting a Tattoo Free Online Research Papers Tattoos are a wonderful way of expressing ones individuality, but people need to think about all the ramifications of getting a tattoo before they get it. â€Å"Tattoos are fast becoming a mark of the 21st century, with one quarter of those under the age of 30 adorning their skin with at least one.† (Healy, 2008, p.1) The American Academy of Dermatology reports that 89% of men and 48% of women who wear tattoos have conspicuous designs on their hands, necks, arms, legs, toes, and feet (Sayre, C. [2007]. Tattoo bans. Time Magazine. November 5, p. 56). Tattoos consist of a permanent design that is drawn on to the top of the skin, then pigments are inserted under the skin by way of a tattoo gun. A tattoo gun works almost like a sewing machine. Every time the needle hits the skin, it deposits tiny droplets of ink deep under the epidermis. Tattoo ink is classified as a cosmetic and, they are not â€Å"regulated or approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).† (Healy, 2008, p.1) There are specific medical risks that people need to be aware of before they get a tattoo. These risks can include: 1. Blood-borne diseases: Tetanus, â€Å"Hepatitis B and C, Tuberculosis, and HIV- the virus that causes AIDS.† (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2008, p.1) These can all be transferred by equipment that has been contaminated with the blood of someone who is infected. Because of these risks, the American Red Cross has stated that no person shall be able to donate blood within 12 months of being tattooed. 2. Skin-disorders- â€Å"Tattooing can also cause areas of raised, excessive scarring (keloids). For those people that do keloid, tattooing is not recommended as these may be hard to remove. â€Å"May form bumps called granulomas around the tattoo ink.† (Forsyth County Department of Health, 2005, p.1) Sarcoidal granulomas are firm balls of reactive tissue underneath the surface of the skin.† 3. Skin infections- â€Å"Local bacterial infections. Symptoms can include redness, swelling, warmth at the infected site, and pus-like drainage.† Some of these infections are resistant to antibiotics and â€Å"can lead to pneumonia, blood infections and the flesh-destroying condition known as necrotizing fasiitis.† (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2008, p.1) Between 2004 and 2005, a sepcific type of Staph infection known as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA were seen in three different states. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identified 34 people with MRSA who received their tattoos from 13 unlicensed tattooists in three different states. (Montgomery, 2007, para.9) 4. Allergic reactions-Dyes used in the tattoo ink, â€Å"especially red dye, can cause allergic skin reactions, causing an itchy rash at the tattoo site.† This can even â€Å"occur years after one gets the tattoo.† (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2008, p.1) â€Å"This is because the vast majority of tattoo pigments are derived from metal, which makes them a potential source for developing a skin reaction. Some pigments do have non-metallic options for those who have concerns or a past history of allergic reactions to these compounds.† Problems can also arise from the removal of a tattoo. Laser removal can be a painstaking process, and usually involves 2-3 visits and is expensive. â€Å"Treatment with the laser varies from patient to patient depending on the age, size, and type of tattoo (amateur or professional). The color of the patients skin, as well as the depth to which the tattoo pigment extends, will also affect the removal technique.† Dermabraison is also an option. â€Å"This is where the tattoo is sanded down to deep levels and generally does not hurt, but can leave a scar.† (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2008, p.1) Now there is also the option of having a doctor surgically remove the tattoo by cutting it out and stitching the edges back together. I believe that complete removal without any type of scarring may be impossible. It is also very important to make sure that the establishment one is thinking of getting his, her tattoo at follows strict health and safety guidelines. One wants to make sure that he, or she has either a state or local license. Look around the shop. Is it clean? Do the employees sterilize their equipment after each client? Do they wash their hands and put on a new pair of gloves after each client? Do they open a fresh pack of needles after each client? These are all very important things to pay attention to before one makes his, or her final decision. Never get a tattoo while under the influence of drugs or alcohol. This is because drugs and alcohol can lead to poor judgment. One wants to make sure that he, or she has a clear head when he, or she decides exactly what type of tattoo he, or she want and where they are going to get it. One also has to sign a contract or release form. If they do this while under the influence, it makes the contract null and void. Both aspirin and alcohol thin the blood and will promote excessive bleeding. Aspirin, ibuprofen or any other NSAIDS also tend to inhibit clotting. The alternatives are topical anesthetics which contain some lidocaine, or one can buy benzocaine over-the-counter. The drawback is that these do not work on unbroken skin. Once the first needle stick is made, these can be applied and can make a tremendous difference. What type of tattoo is he, or she looking for and where do they want to have it placed? It is important to do some research on the type of tattoo that he, or she wants’ and exactly where they want to put it. They do not want something they will regret later. I think the best way to make sure of this is to picture yourself at 80 years old, wrinkly, maybe even fat. If he, or she can still enjoy their tattoo when it is on their wrinkly, fat, 80 year-old self, then by all means, get it! Remember, it is important to ask many questions and truely pay attention to the type of work that each tattoo artist does. Each one has a uniquely different style so he, or she wants’ to make sure that they pick the one that is best suited for what he, or she wants. Since tattoos are no longer considered taboo, the popularity of them proves that skin is always in. I believe that if people go into it with a broad knowledge of what getting a tattoo entails, they will be able to make the best possible choices for themselves and, be happy with their tattoo for the rest of their lives. Research Papers on Important Things to Know About Before Getting a TattooPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductLifes What IfsNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementGenetic EngineeringThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThe Project Managment Office SystemHip-Hop is ArtTwilight of the UAW